In this study, a solid dispersion containing mulberry leaves and additives was manufactured by hot-melt extrusion
(HME) to develop a radioprotective agent against electromagnetic radiation. The prepared formulations
were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic
light scattering (DLS), and electrophoretic light scattering (ELS). The formation of regular dispersions was
confirmed through SEM and TEM analysis. To explore the radioprotective effect, animals were randomly classified
into four groups: normal control (NC), irradiation (IR), irradiation after administration with mulberry
leaves (MR), and irradiation after administration with HME-mulberry leaves (HR). Each sample was orally
administered at 100 mg/kg/day, and 7 Gy of 6 MV electromagnetic radiation (X-ray) was used once for the
whole body. Lymphocytes seemed to recover in the HR group, but none of the groups recovered at a normal
range by the seventh day after irradiation. There was also no change in all groups of the red blood cells. The
spleen index tended to recover in the HR group compared to the IR group, which was consistent with histological
analysis. The spleen of the radiation-exposed groups (IR, MR, and HR) showed relatively atrophied white
pulp and decreased lymphocytes. These symptoms further increased on the third day after irradiation and
gradually alleviated on the seventh day. Compared to the IR group, the MR and HR groups had less loss of
lymphocytes caused by damage to the white pulp. Specifically, the HR group demonstrated a higher recovery
rate than the MR group, confirming the potential of HME-Mulberry as a radioprotective agent. The study’s
findings suggest further studies on health supplements and medicines to supplement the current research.